Andrei Alexandru Babadac

The evolving dynamics of global power are increasingly shaped by the intersection of demographics, technological advancement, and geopolitical realignment. As the international order transitions towards a multipolar configuration the United States, China, Russia and the European Union confront multifaceted challenges such as aging populations, climate change, and the rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence. Drawing upon the analytical frameworks of Tim Marshall, Paul Kennedy, and Alfred Thayer Mahan, this article explores how geographical constraints, economic imperatives, and emergent domains like the Arctic and outer space are influencing the strategic trajectories of these global actors. Strategic Realignments in a Multipolar World The geopolitical preeminence of the United States has historically been underpinned by its geographic advantages, including vast natural resources and maritime insulation provided by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. However, the emergent global ord...

 “Nations have no permanent friends or allies, they only have permanent interests.” —  Lord Palmerston In 2025, the world is once again rearranging itself—this time, quietly, unevenly, and with little of the clarity that once defined the Cold War or its end. But beneath the surface of alliances and summits, the old rules still hold. Geography, strategy, and fear remain the basic currencies of international life. As someone trained in international relations and shaped by academic study in both England and Belgium, I often find that behind every flashy summit or sharp diplomatic statement, there is a far more enduring truth:  where you are still determines who you fear, who you trust, and what you want.  Nowhere is this clearer than in Eastern Europe, and perhaps no moment has revealed it more starkly than the policy drift we’ve witnessed under the second Trump administration. The idea that geography still shapes global power may sound obvious—but for much of the past...